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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website
Measurement of plasma calcium, phophate, magnesium and potassium indicated. May cause asphyxia and death. See also under 'Vocal cord dysfunction/closure' (VIIIh). May associate with chest wall muscle rigidity (see also under IXc). Some patients with VCD are erroneously diagnosed with laryngospasm or vocal cord dysfunction (PMID 25841553)