Vaping
See under electroni cigarettes, E-cigarettes, ENDS. In addition to possible risks of vaping and unknown adverse effects of flavoring agents including diacetyl and added THC to the lung (PMID 25383564), there is the risk of nicotine poisoning if cartridge contents is swallowed, notably by children. Cartriges may also contain substances or drugs including cannabis (PMID 26347431), ‘sexual enhancers’ such as tadalafil, poppers, or illicit drugs of abuse (PMID 30245461, 30835796).). Taking history of exposure to tobacco smoke, inhalants, stimulants, inhaled drugs and/or substances of abuse is indicated in every patient. Patients on oxygen (dioxygen) who use e-cigarette may suffer burns. See PMID 24338077, 24350225, 24575993, 24732161, 25383564, 27705269, 28522559, 31491070, 31491071, 31491072, 31491073. Also, ENDS alter the airway inflammasome (PMID 30608866)