Philippe Camus, M.D.
Dijon, France
Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP)
Evidence level
low
Cardiac- cardiorespiratory/pulmonary arrest
Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE)
Flash (fulminate) pulmonary edema
Negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE)
Acute lung injury - ARDS
Methemoglobinemia
probable
Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death)
Central airway instability - Tracheomalacia
Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal)
Anaphylaxis - Anaphylactoid reaction (either of these can be fatal)
possible
Death following exposure or poisoning
Cyanosis, a low SpO2 and normal measured PaO2