Philippe Camus, M.D.
Dijon, France
XXVI - Neuromuscular dysfunction
Last update 17/06/2026
Definite or suggested by the finding of an elevated hemidiaphragm or diaphragm
II. Myocardial dysfunction - Heart failure
II.c Heart failure (biventricular, congestive)
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.g Pleural/pericardial effusion, ANA positive (DI lupus)
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.n Pleuropericarditis - Pleuropericardial effusion (ANA unknown or negative)
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.e Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.g Alveolar hemorrhage, diffuse (ANCA-positive/-related)
XXII. Acute respiratory/cardiorespiratory failure
XXII.b Acute lung injury - ARDS
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.a Pneumonitis (ILD)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.b Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.c Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.h Pulmonary fibrosis (may improve but partly following drug discontinuation)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.j Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging)
XXVI. Neuromuscular dysfunction
XXVI.a Phrenic nerve injury - Hemi- or bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.a Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.a Autoimmunity - An autoimmune condition (+ANA, +anti-ds-DNA, +ANCAs, other auto-Abs)
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.b Lupus - Lupus syndrome
XXXVIII. Miscellaneous - Varia
XXXVIII.c Antiphospholipid antibodies w/wo the APL syndrome
XXXVIII. Miscellaneous - Varia
XXXVIII.q Myopathy-Myositis-Polymyositis
I. Cardiac arrhythmia(s)/dysrhythmia(s) (AF, VT, VF, TdP) - QTc prolongation)
I.a Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP)
I. Cardiac arrhythmia(s)/dysrhythmia(s) (AF, VT, VF, TdP) - QTc prolongation)
I.b Atrial fibrillation
II. Myocardial dysfunction - Heart failure
II.a Left ventricular dysfunction/failure
III. Myocardial ischemia - Coronary artery disease
III.a Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction
IV. Heart block (bundle branch-, AV-block)
IV.a Heart block (bundle branch- or AV-)
VI. Cardiomyopathy
VI.a Cardiomyopathy (acute, subacute, chronic)
VI. Cardiomyopathy
VI.c Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy
VIII. Valvular heart disease
VIII.a Valvular heart disease and/or dysfunction
XI. Pulmonary vasculopathies
XI.a Pulmonary arterial hypertension
XI. Pulmonary vasculopathies
XI.i Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.b Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade)
XXVI. Neuromuscular dysfunction
XXVI.a Phrenic nerve injury - Hemi- or bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.f Anaphylaxis - Anaphylactoid reaction (either of these can be fatal)
XXXVIII. Miscellaneous - Varia
XXXVIII.k Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement)
