XXIX.i
XXIX - Small airway involvement
Exacerbation or deterioration of preexisting COPD
Last update 17/06/2026
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Causative drugs
6
I.l
I. Cardiac arrhythmia(s)/dysrhythmia(s) (AF, VT, VF, TdP) - QTc prolongation)
I.l Cardiac- cardiorespiratory/pulmonary arrest
II.d
II. Myocardial dysfunction - Heart failure
II.d Cardiovascular collapse - Cardiogenic shock - Hypotension
III.c
III. Myocardial ischemia - Coronary artery disease
III.c Coronary vasospasm - Vasospastic angina
X.b
X. Pulmonary edema
X.b Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE)
XI.f
XI. Pulmonary vasculopathies
XI.f Worsening of preexisting PHTn
XII.g
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.g Pleural/pericardial effusion, ANA positive (DI lupus)
XIV.a
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.a Pleural effusion (uni or bilateral) (can accompany ILD induced by the drug)
XIV.h
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.h Pleural thickening - Fibrothorax
XXII.e
XXII. Acute respiratory/cardiorespiratory failure
XXII.e Respiratory failure from ventilatory depression (of neuromuscular cause or causes)
XXIV.a
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.a Pneumonitis (ILD)
XXIV.b
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.b Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
XXIV.c
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.c Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)
XXIV.e
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.e Relapsing or migrating pneumonitis/pneumonia (see also Id)
XXIV.h
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.h Pulmonary fibrosis (may improve but partly following drug discontinuation)
XXIV.j
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.j Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging)
XXIX.a
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.a Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
XXIX.c
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.c Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal)
XXIX.h
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.h Exacerbation or deterioration of preexisting asthma
XXIX.i
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.i Exacerbation or deterioration of preexisting COPD
XXXVI.b
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.b Lupus - Lupus syndrome
XXXVI.d
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.d Subclinical ANA positivity
XXXVI.l
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.l Refractoriness to epineprine in case of anaphylaxis
XXXVIII.d
XXXVIII. Miscellaneous - Varia
XXXVIII.d Death following exposure or poisoning
I.a
I. Cardiac arrhythmia(s)/dysrhythmia(s) (AF, VT, VF, TdP) - QTc prolongation)
I.a Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP)
I.m
I. Cardiac arrhythmia(s)/dysrhythmia(s) (AF, VT, VF, TdP) - QTc prolongation)
I.m Sudden cardiac death
II.a
II. Myocardial dysfunction - Heart failure
II.a Left ventricular dysfunction/failure
II.c
II. Myocardial dysfunction - Heart failure
II.c Heart failure (biventricular, congestive)
II.d
II. Myocardial dysfunction - Heart failure
II.d Cardiovascular collapse - Cardiogenic shock - Hypotension
III.a
III. Myocardial ischemia - Coronary artery disease
III.a Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction
IV.a
IV. Heart block (bundle branch-, AV-block)
IV.a Heart block (bundle branch- or AV-)
V.a
V. Myocarditis
V.a Myocarditis (can be fulminate/fulminant)
V.e
V. Myocarditis
V.e Necrotizing myocarditis (w/o evidence for CAD)
VI.c
VI. Cardiomyopathy
VI.c Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy
VII.a
VII. Cardiotoxicity
VII.a ‘Cardiotoxicity’
X.a
X. Pulmonary edema
X.a Pulmonary edema, cardiogenic
XI.a
XI. Pulmonary vasculopathies
XI.a Pulmonary arterial hypertension
XII.b
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.b Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade)
XIII.a
XIII. Thrombosis - Embolism
XIII.a Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thrombo-embolism
XIV.a
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.a Pleural effusion (uni or bilateral) (can accompany ILD induced by the drug)
XIV.i
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.i Serositis - Polyserositis
XV.e
XV. Chest pain
XV.e Pleuritis (can cause chest pain)
XVI.h
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.h Coagulopathy
XXI.a
XXI. Mediastinal involvement/injury
XXI.a Lymphadenopathy (intrathoracic)
XXII.b
XXII. Acute respiratory/cardiorespiratory failure
XXII.b Acute lung injury - ARDS
XXIV.a
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.a Pneumonitis (ILD)
XXIV.b
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.b Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
XXIV.c
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.c Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)
XXIV.d
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.d Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP)
XXIV.e
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.e Relapsing or migrating pneumonitis/pneumonia (see also Id)
XXIV.h
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.h Pulmonary fibrosis (may improve but partly following drug discontinuation)
XXIV.i
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.i Progression, acceleration or exacerbation of preexisting ILD/fibrosis
XXIV.j
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.j Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging)
XXIV.l
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.l Acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia (AFOP)
XXIV.o
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.o Rapidly progressive ILD/pulmonary fibrosis (Hamman-Rich syndrome)
XXIV.q
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.q Delayed ILD, -pneumonitis, -fibrosis
XXIV.v
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.v Radiation recall pneumonitis
XXIV.ab
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.ab Chronic pneumonitis/ILD
XXIV.ac
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.ac Shrinking lung syndrome
XXIX.a
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.a Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
XXIX.i
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.i Exacerbation or deterioration of preexisting COPD
XXX.h
XXX. Imaging features
XXX.h Imaging: Avid pleural uptake on PET-scan
XXXIII.f
XXXIII. Histopathology (for pulmonary pathology see in ‘Pneumotox’ (a free companion App)
XXXIII.f Path: Myocardial vasculitis
XXXVI.f
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.f Anaphylaxis - Anaphylactoid reaction (either of these can be fatal)
XXXVI.q
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.q Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)
XXXVI.v
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.v Temporal arteritis (Horton’s)
II.d
II. Myocardial dysfunction - Heart failure
II.d Cardiovascular collapse - Cardiogenic shock - Hypotension
III.a
III. Myocardial ischemia - Coronary artery disease
III.a Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction
IV.a
IV. Heart block (bundle branch-, AV-block)
IV.a Heart block (bundle branch- or AV-)
V.a
V. Myocarditis
V.a Myocarditis (can be fulminate/fulminant)
VII.a
VII. Cardiotoxicity
VII.a ‘Cardiotoxicity’
X.a
X. Pulmonary edema
X.a Pulmonary edema, cardiogenic
XII.b
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.b Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade)
XII.n
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.n Pleuropericarditis - Pleuropericardial effusion (ANA unknown or negative)
XXII.b
XXII. Acute respiratory/cardiorespiratory failure
XXII.b Acute lung injury - ARDS
XXVIII.k
XXVIII. Large airway involvement
XXVIII.k Rhinosinusitis
XXIX.a
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.a Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
XXIX.e
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.e Obliterative bronchiolitis (an imaging and/or pathological pattern consistent with)
XXIX.i
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.i Exacerbation or deterioration of preexisting COPD
XXIX.l
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.l Bronchiolitis (a clinical-imaging pattern suggestive of)
XXXII.e
XXXII. Esophageal pathology
XXXII.e Esophageal toxicity
XXXII.j
XXXII. Esophageal pathology
XXXII.j Esophageal necrosis
XXXVI.m
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.m DRES syndrome - DRESS-like reaction - Drug hypersensitivity syndrome
XXXVI.q
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.q Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)
II.c
II. Myocardial dysfunction - Heart failure
II.c Heart failure (biventricular, congestive)
IV.a
IV. Heart block (bundle branch-, AV-block)
IV.a Heart block (bundle branch- or AV-)
V.a
V. Myocarditis
V.a Myocarditis (can be fulminate/fulminant)
XI.a
XI. Pulmonary vasculopathies
XI.a Pulmonary arterial hypertension
XII.b
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.b Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade)
XII.n
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.n Pleuropericarditis - Pleuropericardial effusion (ANA unknown or negative)
XIII.a
XIII. Thrombosis - Embolism
XIII.a Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thrombo-embolism
XXIV.a
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.a Pneumonitis (ILD)
XXIV.b
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.b Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
XXVIII.i
XXVIII. Large airway involvement
XXVIII.i Tongue involvement (edema, glossitis, hematoma)
XXIX.a
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.a Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
XXIX.i
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.i Exacerbation or deterioration of preexisting COPD
XXXIII.a
XXXIII. Histopathology (for pulmonary pathology see in ‘Pneumotox’ (a free companion App)
XXXIII.a Path: Myocarditis
XXXIII.f
XXXIII. Histopathology (for pulmonary pathology see in ‘Pneumotox’ (a free companion App)
XXXIII.f Path: Myocardial vasculitis
XXXVI.f
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.f Anaphylaxis - Anaphylactoid reaction (either of these can be fatal)
XXXVI.h
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.h Myasthenia gravis - Myasthenic-like syndrome
XXXVI.v
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.v Temporal arteritis (Horton’s)
XXXVI.ad
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.ad Polymyalgia rheumatica
XXVIII.a
XXVIII. Large airway involvement
XXVIII.a Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death)
XXIX.a
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.a Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
XXIX.i
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.i Exacerbation or deterioration of preexisting COPD
XXXIV.b
XXXIV. Infections
XXXIV.b Respiratory tract infection incl. pneumonia
XXXVI.f
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.f Anaphylaxis - Anaphylactoid reaction (either of these can be fatal)
XXXVIII.k
XXXVIII. Miscellaneous - Varia
XXXVIII.k Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement)