Philippe Camus, M.D.
Dijon, France
XXXVI - Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
Last update 17/06/2026
Including granulomatosis with polyangiitis. With or without ANCA or DAH present. Capillaritis is sometimes documented on pathology. In cases due to PTU or cocaine/levamisole, very high titres of multispecific ANCA can be present. See also under III and XII
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.b Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade)
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.e Constrictive pericarditis - Pericardial thickening
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.g Pleural/pericardial effusion, ANA positive (DI lupus)
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.n Pleuropericarditis - Pleuropericardial effusion (ANA unknown or negative)
XV. Chest pain
XV.e Pleuritis (can cause chest pain)
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.e Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.g Alveolar hemorrhage, diffuse (ANCA-positive/-related)
XX. Vasculitis
XX.c Vascultis (pulmonary, extrathoracic or systemic) - ANCA status unknown or negative
XX. Vasculitis
XX.d Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrathoracic, or systemic: ANCA-positive
XXII. Acute respiratory/cardiorespiratory failure
XXII.b Acute lung injury - ARDS
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.a Pneumonitis (ILD)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.b Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.j Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging)
XXVIII. Large airway involvement
XXVIII.a Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death)
XXVIII. Large airway involvement
XXVIII.d Vocal cord dysfunction, adduction, closure
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.a Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.b Occupational asthma
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.a Autoimmunity - An autoimmune condition (+ANA, +anti-ds-DNA, +ANCAs, other auto-Abs)
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.b Lupus - Lupus syndrome
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.m DRES syndrome - DRESS-like reaction - Drug hypersensitivity syndrome
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.s Dual MPO-/PR3-ANCA systemic disease/vasculitis or pseudovasculitis
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.t Pneumorenal syndrome (w/wo ANCAs)
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.u Pulmonary vasculitis or capillaritis
XXXVIII. Miscellaneous - Varia
XXXVIII.a Upper airway obstruction other than angioedema or hematoma
V. Myocarditis
V.a Myocarditis (can be fulminate/fulminant)
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.a Pericarditis
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.g Pleural/pericardial effusion, ANA positive (DI lupus)
XIII. Thrombosis - Embolism
XIII.a Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thrombo-embolism
XIII. Thrombosis - Embolism
XIII.n Right ventricular thrombus/thrombosis
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.a Pleural effusion (uni or bilateral) (can accompany ILD induced by the drug)
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.e Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
XXII. Acute respiratory/cardiorespiratory failure
XXII.b Acute lung injury - ARDS
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.a Pneumonitis (ILD)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.b Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.c Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.d Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.h Pulmonary fibrosis (may improve but partly following drug discontinuation)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.i Progression, acceleration or exacerbation of preexisting ILD/fibrosis
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.j Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.o Rapidly progressive ILD/pulmonary fibrosis (Hamman-Rich syndrome)
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.a Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
XXX. Imaging features
XXX.l Imaging: Ground-glass opacities / GGO shadowing
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.a Autoimmunity - An autoimmune condition (+ANA, +anti-ds-DNA, +ANCAs, other auto-Abs)
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.b Lupus - Lupus syndrome
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.u Pulmonary vasculitis or capillaritis
XXXVIII. Miscellaneous - Varia
XXXVIII.c Antiphospholipid antibodies w/wo the APL syndrome
III. Myocardial ischemia - Coronary artery disease
III.a Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction
XI. Pulmonary vasculopathies
XI.a Pulmonary arterial hypertension
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.n Pleuropericarditis - Pleuropericardial effusion (ANA unknown or negative)
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.a Pleural effusion (uni or bilateral) (can accompany ILD induced by the drug)
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.e Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.i Hemoptysis
XVIII. Aortic involvement
XVIII.c Arterial (aorta, limb) vasoconstriction and/or ischemia, acute
XX. Vasculitis
XX.d Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrathoracic, or systemic: ANCA-positive
XXVIII. Large airway involvement
XXVIII.p Nasal, palatal and/or pharyngeal pathology
XXXI. Eye catchers
XXXI.h Midline destructive lesions
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.s Dual MPO-/PR3-ANCA systemic disease/vasculitis or pseudovasculitis
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.t Pneumorenal syndrome (w/wo ANCAs)
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.u Pulmonary vasculitis or capillaritis
XXXVIII. Miscellaneous - Varia
XXXVIII.d Death following exposure or poisoning
XXXVIII. Miscellaneous - Varia
XXXVIII.q Myopathy-Myositis-Polymyositis
XXXVIII. Miscellaneous - Varia
XXXVIII.y Neutropenia, agranulocytosis (w/wo infection/sepsis)
I. Cardiac arrhythmia(s)/dysrhythmia(s) (AF, VT, VF, TdP) - QTc prolongation)
I.n Respiratory arrest - Apnea
X. Pulmonary edema
X.b Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE)
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.g Pleural/pericardial effusion, ANA positive (DI lupus)
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.a Pleural effusion (uni or bilateral) (can accompany ILD induced by the drug)
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.d Eosinophilic pleural effusion
XV. Chest pain
XV.a Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent
XV. Chest pain
XV.b Pleuritic chest pain
XV. Chest pain
XV.e Pleuritis (can cause chest pain)
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.c Hematoma of/around central airway wall potentially causing UAO
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.e Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
XXI. Mediastinal involvement/injury
XXI.a Lymphadenopathy (intrathoracic)
XXII. Acute respiratory/cardiorespiratory failure
XXII.b Acute lung injury - ARDS
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.a Pneumonitis (ILD)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.b Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.c Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.d Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.f Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) imaging pattern
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.h Pulmonary fibrosis (may improve but partly following drug discontinuation)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.j Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging)
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.ab Chronic pneumonitis/ILD
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.ah Transient pulmonary opacities/infiltrates (see also under Iav)
XXV. Pulmonary function - Pulmonary physiology - PFTs
XXV.i A restrictive lung function defect
XXVIII. Large airway involvement
XXVIII.o A ‘tracheobronchitis’ clinical pattern
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.a Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
XXX. Imaging features
XXX.u Imaging: Reverse ventilation-perfusion mismatch
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.a Autoimmunity - An autoimmune condition (+ANA, +anti-ds-DNA, +ANCAs, other auto-Abs)
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.b Lupus - Lupus syndrome
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.f Anaphylaxis - Anaphylactoid reaction (either of these can be fatal)
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.m DRES syndrome - DRESS-like reaction - Drug hypersensitivity syndrome
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.u Pulmonary vasculitis or capillaritis
