XIV.e
XIV - Pleural involvement
Hemothorax - Serosanguineous pleural effusion
Last update 17/06/2026
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XII.b
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.b Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade)
XII.c
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.c Hemopericardium - Bloody pericardial effusion
XII.i
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.i Septic/purulent pericardial effusion
XII.k
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.k Pneumopericardium
XII.o
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.o Purulent pericardial effusion
XIV.e
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.e Hemothorax - Serosanguineous pleural effusion
XIV.f
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.f Pneumothorax
XIV.l
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.l Pneumothorax, bilateral
XIV.m
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.m Bilateral tension pneumothorax (can be fatal)
XIV.n
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.n Chylothorax
XVII.c
XVII. Heart injury/trauma/perforation
XVII.c Cardiac injury/trauma
XVIII.b
XVIII. Aortic involvement
XVIII.b Aortic dissection
XVIII.d
XVIII. Aortic involvement
XVIII.d Aortitis
XVIII.e
XVIII. Aortic involvement
XVIII.e Infectious aortitis
XXXIV.a
XXXIV. Infections
XXXIV.a Septic pulmonary embolism
XIV.e
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.e Hemothorax - Serosanguineous pleural effusion
XVI.e
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.e Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
XVI.i
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.i Hemoptysis
XVI.o
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.o Epistaxis
XXVIII.a
XXVIII. Large airway involvement
XXVIII.a Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death)
XXVIII.i
XXVIII. Large airway involvement
XXVIII.i Tongue involvement (edema, glossitis, hematoma)
XXXVI.f
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.f Anaphylaxis - Anaphylactoid reaction (either of these can be fatal)
XXXVIII.b
XXXVIII. Miscellaneous - Varia
XXXVIII.b Unilateral/Hemilingual (angio)edema
XII.c
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.c Hemopericardium - Bloody pericardial effusion
XIV.e
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.e Hemothorax - Serosanguineous pleural effusion
XVI.c
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.c Hematoma of/around central airway wall potentially causing UAO
XVI.e
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.e Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
XVI.h
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.h Coagulopathy
XVI.i
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.i Hemoptysis
XVI.l
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.l Thoracic epidural or spinal hematoma
XVI.o
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.o Epistaxis
XXIV.a
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.a Pneumonitis (ILD)
XII.c
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.c Hemopericardium - Bloody pericardial effusion
XIV.e
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.e Hemothorax - Serosanguineous pleural effusion
XVI.a
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.a Hemomediastinum - Mediastinal hematoma
XVI.b
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.b Pulmonary hematoma
XVI.c
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.c Hematoma of/around central airway wall potentially causing UAO
XVI.d
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.d Retropharyngeal hematoma (may cause UAO)
XVI.e
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.e Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
XVI.i
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.i Hemoptysis
XVI.k
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.k Vocal cord hematoma
XVI.l
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.l Thoracic epidural or spinal hematoma
XVI.m
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.m BAL: Gross or microscopic bleeding/hemorrhage
XVI.n
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.n Rectus abdominis sheath hematoma
XVI.o
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.o Epistaxis
XXIV.i
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.i Progression, acceleration or exacerbation of preexisting ILD/fibrosis
XXVIII.a
XXVIII. Large airway involvement
XXVIII.a Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death)
XXVIII.i
XXVIII. Large airway involvement
XXVIII.i Tongue involvement (edema, glossitis, hematoma)
XXXII.a
XXXII. Esophageal pathology
XXXII.a Esophageal hematoma (may cause chest pain and/or tracheal compression)
XXXVII.e
XXXVII. Veterinary medicine and pathology
XXXVII.e Veterinary: (Peri-) tracheal/retropharyngeal hemorrhage
XXXVIII.l
XXXVIII. Miscellaneous - Varia
XXXVIII.l Calcification of tracheobronchial cartilaginous rings
XII.c
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.c Hemopericardium - Bloody pericardial effusion
XIV.e
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.e Hemothorax - Serosanguineous pleural effusion
XVI.e
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.e Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
XXIV.a
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.a Pneumonitis (ILD)
XXIV.b
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.b Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
XXIV.j
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.j Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging)
II.d
II. Myocardial dysfunction - Heart failure
II.d Cardiovascular collapse - Cardiogenic shock - Hypotension
III.c
III. Myocardial ischemia - Coronary artery disease
III.c Coronary vasospasm - Vasospastic angina
IV.a
IV. Heart block (bundle branch-, AV-block)
IV.a Heart block (bundle branch- or AV-)
X.b
X. Pulmonary edema
X.b Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE)
XIV.e
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.e Hemothorax - Serosanguineous pleural effusion
XV.a
XV. Chest pain
XV.a Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent
XVI.e
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.e Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
XVI.h
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.h Coagulopathy
XVI.i
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.i Hemoptysis
XX.c
XX. Vasculitis
XX.c Vascultis (pulmonary, extrathoracic or systemic) - ANCA status unknown or negative
XXII.b
XXII. Acute respiratory/cardiorespiratory failure
XXII.b Acute lung injury - ARDS
XXIV.b
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.b Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
XXIV.c
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.c Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)
XXIV.f
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.f Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) imaging pattern
XXVIII.a
XXVIII. Large airway involvement
XXVIII.a Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death)
XXIX.a
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.a Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma
XXIX.c
XXIX. Small airway involvement
XXIX.c Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal)
XXXIII.j
XXXIII. Histopathology (for pulmonary pathology see in ‘Pneumotox’ (a free companion App)
XXXIII.j Path: Pulmonary edema
XXXVI.f
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.f Anaphylaxis - Anaphylactoid reaction (either of these can be fatal)
X.b
X. Pulmonary edema
X.b Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE)
XII.c
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.c Hemopericardium - Bloody pericardial effusion
XIV.e
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.e Hemothorax - Serosanguineous pleural effusion
XVI.c
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.c Hematoma of/around central airway wall potentially causing UAO
XVI.e
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.e Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
XVI.i
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.i Hemoptysis
XVI.p
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.p Submucosal airway petechiae/hemorrhage
XXII.b
XXII. Acute respiratory/cardiorespiratory failure
XXII.b Acute lung injury - ARDS
XXIV.a
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.a Pneumonitis (ILD)
XXIV.b
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.b Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
XXIV.c
XXIV. Interstitial lung disease - Pulmonary infiltrates - Pulmonary fibrosis
XXIV.c Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)
XXVIII.a
XXVIII. Large airway involvement
XXVIII.a Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death)
XXXII.a
XXXII. Esophageal pathology
XXXII.a Esophageal hematoma (may cause chest pain and/or tracheal compression)
XXXVIII.k
XXXVIII. Miscellaneous - Varia
XXXVIII.k Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement)
XII.c
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.c Hemopericardium - Bloody pericardial effusion
XIII.a
XIII. Thrombosis - Embolism
XIII.a Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thrombo-embolism
XIV.e
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.e Hemothorax - Serosanguineous pleural effusion
XIV.f
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.f Pneumothorax
XVII.a
XVII. Heart injury/trauma/perforation
XVII.a Perforation of the heart - Cardiac rupture
XXXVIII.t
XXXVIII. Miscellaneous - Varia
XXXVIII.t Venous thoracic outlet syndrome
XII.c
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.c Hemopericardium - Bloody pericardial effusion
XII.e
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.e Constrictive pericarditis - Pericardial thickening
XIV.e
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.e Hemothorax - Serosanguineous pleural effusion
XVI.c
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.c Hematoma of/around central airway wall potentially causing UAO
XVI.e
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.e Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
XX.d
XX. Vasculitis
XX.d Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrathoracic, or systemic: ANCA-positive
XXVIII.i
XXVIII. Large airway involvement
XXVIII.i Tongue involvement (edema, glossitis, hematoma)
XXXVI.a
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.a Autoimmunity - An autoimmune condition (+ANA, +anti-ds-DNA, +ANCAs, other auto-Abs)
XXXVI.f
XXXVI. Autoimmune syndromes - Systemic reactions or conditions
XXXVI.f Anaphylaxis - Anaphylactoid reaction (either of these can be fatal)
XII.c
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.c Hemopericardium - Bloody pericardial effusion
XII.e
XII. Pericardial involvement
XII.e Constrictive pericarditis - Pericardial thickening
XIV.e
XIV. Pleural involvement
XIV.e Hemothorax - Serosanguineous pleural effusion
XVI.a
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.a Hemomediastinum - Mediastinal hematoma
XVI.b
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.b Pulmonary hematoma
XVI.c
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.c Hematoma of/around central airway wall potentially causing UAO
XVI.e
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.e Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)
XVI.i
XVI. Hemorrhage - Bleeding - Hematoma(s)
XVI.i Hemoptysis
XXVIII.a
XXVIII. Large airway involvement
XXVIII.a Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death)
XXXII.a
XXXII. Esophageal pathology
XXXII.a Esophageal hematoma (may cause chest pain and/or tracheal compression)